diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 6dabe78..f970c38 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -216,6 +216,10 @@ go run ./cmd/proxy-gateway -config CONFIG_FILE `
 
 以上参数也可通过 `PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`、`PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID`、
 `PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`、`PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID` 与 `PROXY_POOL_ZONE` 提供。
+生产工作负载可设置 `PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true`，省略 Worker 和 Instance ID；
+Gateway 会从挂载的 `gatewayTLS` 证书解析
+`spiffe://<trust-domain>/<environment>/worker/<worker-id>`，并将 `<worker-id>`
+作为默认实例身份。Controller 仍会将请求 ID 与证书 URI 严格比对。
 Gateway 的 `/livez`、`/readyz`、`/metrics` 使用配置中的 `metrics.listen`；无有效
 Snapshot 时 `/readyz` 返回 `503`。Checker 使用独立的逻辑/实例身份拉取有界任务：
 
@@ -228,7 +232,9 @@ go run ./cmd/proxy-checker -config CONFIG_FILE `
 
 Checker 的参数也可通过 `PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`、
 `PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID`、`PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID` 与
-`PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT` 提供。它不会访问 Redis/PostgreSQL；生产
+`PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT` 提供。`PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true` 会从
+`checkerTLS` 的 `.../checker/<checker-id>` URI 自动派生 Checker 与缺省实例身份。
+它不会访问 Redis/PostgreSQL；生产
 Controller 在启用控制面时装配 Redis 共享任务 broker，并按启用的 Upstream 调度
 HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS5 BASIC 检查、按每个 `check.urls` 创建 EGRESS 任务，并按启用 Routing 的
 `check.targets` 创建 TARGET 任务。调度监督器每轮读取已发布配置；启用 Admin 时只调度配置与
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-checker/main.go b/cmd/proxy-checker/main.go
index 2af83bd..7576fa1 100644
--- a/cmd/proxy-checker/main.go
+++ b/cmd/proxy-checker/main.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ const (
 	controlPlaneAddressEnvironment = "PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS"
 	checkerIDEnvironment           = "PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID"
 	instanceIDEnvironment          = "PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID"
+	autoIdentityEnvironment        = "PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY"
 	maxInFlightEnvironment         = "PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT"
 )
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ func execute(ctx context.Context, args []string, getenv environmentLookup, run c
 	controlPlaneAddress := flags.String("control-plane", "", "remote Controller control-plane address")
 	checkerID := flags.String("checker-id", "", "unique Checker identifier")
 	instanceID := flags.String("instance-id", "", "unique Checker process instance identifier")
+	autoIdentity := flags.Bool("auto-identity", false, "derive Checker and missing instance IDs from the mTLS SPIFFE certificate")
 	maxInFlight := flags.Int("max-in-flight", 0, "maximum concurrent tasks")
 	levels := flags.String("levels", "basic,egress,target", "supported levels: basic,egress,target")
 	if err := flags.Parse(args); err != nil {
@@ -64,20 +66,27 @@ func execute(ctx context.Context, args []string, getenv environmentLookup, run c
 				*maxInFlight = value
 			}
 		}
+		if !flagWasSet(flags, "auto-identity") {
+			if value, err := strconv.ParseBool(getenv(autoIdentityEnvironment)); err == nil {
+				*autoIdentity = value
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	supportedLevels, err := parseLevels(*levels)
+	missingIdentity := !*autoIdentity && (!validValue(*checkerID) || !validValue(*instanceID))
+	invalidProvidedIdentity := (*checkerID != "" && !validValue(*checkerID)) || (*instanceID != "" && !validValue(*instanceID))
 	if ctx == nil || run == nil || err != nil || !validValue(*configPath) || !validValue(*controlPlaneAddress) ||
-		!validValue(*checkerID) || !validValue(*instanceID) || *maxInFlight <= 0 {
+		missingIdentity || invalidProvidedIdentity || *maxInFlight <= 0 {
 		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(stderr,
-			"proxy-checker: -config, -control-plane, -checker-id, -instance-id and positive -max-in-flight are required; "+
-				"environment fallbacks: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s\n",
-			configEnvironment, controlPlaneAddressEnvironment, checkerIDEnvironment, instanceIDEnvironment, maxInFlightEnvironment,
+			"proxy-checker: -config, -control-plane and positive -max-in-flight are required; -checker-id/-instance-id are required unless -auto-identity is enabled; "+
+				"environment fallbacks: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s\n",
+			configEnvironment, controlPlaneAddressEnvironment, checkerIDEnvironment, instanceIDEnvironment, maxInFlightEnvironment, autoIdentityEnvironment,
 		)
 		return 2
 	}
 	err = run(ctx, bootstrap.Options{
 		ConfigPath: *configPath, Resolver: config.OSResolver{}, ControlPlaneAddress: *controlPlaneAddress,
-		CheckerID: *checkerID, InstanceID: *instanceID, MaxInFlight: *maxInFlight, SupportedLevels: supportedLevels,
+		CheckerID: *checkerID, InstanceID: *instanceID, AutoIdentity: *autoIdentity, MaxInFlight: *maxInFlight, SupportedLevels: supportedLevels,
 	})
 	if err == nil || (errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) && ctx.Err() != nil) {
 		return 0
@@ -86,6 +95,16 @@ func execute(ctx context.Context, args []string, getenv environmentLookup, run c
 	return 1
 }
 
+func flagWasSet(flags *flag.FlagSet, name string) bool {
+	set := false
+	flags.Visit(func(item *flag.Flag) {
+		if item.Name == name {
+			set = true
+		}
+	})
+	return set
+}
+
 func parseLevels(value string) ([]controlplanev1.CheckLevel, error) {
 	levels := make([]controlplanev1.CheckLevel, 0, 3)
 	seen := make(map[controlplanev1.CheckLevel]struct{})
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-checker/main_test.go b/cmd/proxy-checker/main_test.go
index 9097b08..e07acb4 100644
--- a/cmd/proxy-checker/main_test.go
+++ b/cmd/proxy-checker/main_test.go
@@ -24,6 +24,21 @@ func TestExecuteUsesFlagsAndPassesCheckerIdentity(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestExecutePassesAutoCheckerIdentityFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
+	received := bootstrap.Options{}
+	values := map[string]string{
+		configEnvironment: "checker.yaml", controlPlaneAddressEnvironment: "127.0.0.1:8443",
+		maxInFlightEnvironment: "2", autoIdentityEnvironment: "true",
+	}
+	code := execute(context.Background(), nil, func(name string) string { return values[name] }, func(_ context.Context, options bootstrap.Options) error {
+		received = options
+		return nil
+	}, io.Discard)
+	if code != 0 || !received.AutoIdentity || received.CheckerID != "" || received.InstanceID != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("execute(auto identity) = (%d, %+v)", code, received)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExecuteRejectsInvalidLevelSet(t *testing.T) {
 	code := execute(context.Background(), []string{
 		"-config", "config.yaml", "-control-plane", "127.0.0.1:8443", "-checker-id", "checker-a", "-instance-id", "instance-a",
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go
index 8658b6f..5090a86 100644
--- a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go
+++ b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ const (
 	clusterIDEnvironment           = "PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID"
 	workerIDEnvironment            = "PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID"
 	instanceIDEnvironment          = "PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID"
+	autoIdentityEnvironment        = "PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY"
 	zoneEnvironment                = "PROXY_POOL_ZONE"
 )
 
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ func execute(
 	clusterID := flags.String("cluster-id", "", "cluster identifier")
 	workerID := flags.String("worker-id", "", "unique Worker identifier")
 	instanceID := flags.String("instance-id", "", "unique process instance identifier")
+	autoIdentity := flags.Bool("auto-identity", false, "derive Worker and missing instance IDs from the mTLS SPIFFE certificate")
 	zone := flags.String("zone", "", "availability zone identifier")
 	if err := flags.Parse(args); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, flag.ErrHelp) {
@@ -66,19 +69,26 @@ func execute(
 		setIfEmpty(workerID, getenv(workerIDEnvironment))
 		setIfEmpty(instanceID, getenv(instanceIDEnvironment))
 		setIfEmpty(zone, getenv(zoneEnvironment))
+		if !flagWasSet(flags, "auto-identity") {
+			if value, err := strconv.ParseBool(getenv(autoIdentityEnvironment)); err == nil {
+				*autoIdentity = value
+			}
+		}
 	}
+	missingIdentity := !*autoIdentity && (!validValue(*workerID) || !validValue(*instanceID))
+	invalidProvidedIdentity := (*workerID != "" && !validValue(*workerID)) || (*instanceID != "" && !validValue(*instanceID))
 	if ctx == nil || run == nil || !validValue(*configPath) || !validValue(*controlPlaneAddress) ||
-		!validValue(*clusterID) || !validValue(*workerID) || !validValue(*instanceID) || !validValue(*zone) {
+		!validValue(*clusterID) || missingIdentity || invalidProvidedIdentity || !validValue(*zone) {
 		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(stderr,
-			"proxy-gateway: -config, -control-plane, -cluster-id, -worker-id, -instance-id and -zone are required; "+
-				"environment fallbacks: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s\n",
-			configEnvironment, controlPlaneAddressEnvironment, clusterIDEnvironment, workerIDEnvironment, instanceIDEnvironment, zoneEnvironment,
+			"proxy-gateway: -config, -control-plane, -cluster-id and -zone are required; -worker-id/-instance-id are required unless -auto-identity is enabled; "+
+				"environment fallbacks: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s\n",
+			configEnvironment, controlPlaneAddressEnvironment, clusterIDEnvironment, workerIDEnvironment, instanceIDEnvironment, zoneEnvironment, autoIdentityEnvironment,
 		)
 		return 2
 	}
 	err := run(ctx, bootstrap.Options{
 		ConfigPath: *configPath, Resolver: config.OSResolver{}, ControlPlaneAddress: *controlPlaneAddress,
-		ClusterID: *clusterID, WorkerID: *workerID, InstanceID: *instanceID, Zone: *zone,
+		ClusterID: *clusterID, WorkerID: *workerID, InstanceID: *instanceID, AutoIdentity: *autoIdentity, Zone: *zone,
 	})
 	if err == nil || (errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) && ctx.Err() != nil) {
 		return 0
@@ -87,6 +97,16 @@ func execute(
 	return 1
 }
 
+func flagWasSet(flags *flag.FlagSet, name string) bool {
+	set := false
+	flags.Visit(func(item *flag.Flag) {
+		if item.Name == name {
+			set = true
+		}
+	})
+	return set
+}
+
 func setIfEmpty(target *string, value string) {
 	if target != nil && *target == "" {
 		*target = value
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go
index d6ba26b..444bf16 100644
--- a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go
+++ b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go
@@ -55,6 +55,21 @@ func TestExecuteReadsGatewayOptionsFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestExecutePassesAutoGatewayIdentityFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
+	captured := bootstrap.Options{}
+	values := map[string]string{
+		configEnvironment: "gateway.yaml", controlPlaneAddressEnvironment: "127.0.0.1:8443",
+		clusterIDEnvironment: "cluster-a", zoneEnvironment: "zone-a", autoIdentityEnvironment: "true",
+	}
+	code := execute(context.Background(), nil, func(name string) string { return values[name] }, func(_ context.Context, options bootstrap.Options) error {
+		captured = options
+		return nil
+	}, io.Discard)
+	if code != 0 || !captured.AutoIdentity || captured.WorkerID != "" || captured.InstanceID != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("execute(auto identity) = (%d, %+v)", code, captured)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExecuteRejectsIncompleteGatewayOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
diff --git a/deploy/README.md b/deploy/README.md
index 34754fa..9ac75fc 100644
--- a/deploy/README.md
+++ b/deploy/README.md
@@ -15,10 +15,14 @@ docker compose -f deploy/docker-compose.yml up -d --build
 ```
 
 Kubernetes Base 仍保持 `controlPlane.enabled: false`。`kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls`
-启用单副本 Controller/Gateway/Checker mTLS 拓扑，挂载三组外部 TLS Secret，并固定
-`gateway-a`、`checker-a` 身份。具体创建 Secret 和部署步骤见
+启用单副本 Controller/Gateway/Checker mTLS 拓扑，挂载三组外部 TLS Secret，并从
+`gateway-a`、`checker-a` 的证书 URI 自动派生身份。具体创建 Secret 和部署步骤见
 [development mTLS overlay](kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/README.md)。生产 Overlay
 必须为每个弹性 Gateway/Checker 工作负载配置唯一身份与证书轮换，不能复用固定开发证书。
+身份系统只需把每 Pod 的叶证书、私钥和信任包写入配置指定路径，并签发唯一
+`.../worker/<worker-id>` 或 `.../checker/<checker-id>` URI；启动命令设置
+`-auto-identity` 后由进程派生逻辑/缺省实例 ID，不依赖手工环境变量。开发 Compose 和
+此 Overlay 已启用该模式；其中证书只适用于本地开发，不代表生产身份签发与挂载实现。
 
 当前可执行验证：
 
diff --git a/deploy/compose_test.go b/deploy/compose_test.go
index 425121b..a135180 100644
--- a/deploy/compose_test.go
+++ b/deploy/compose_test.go
@@ -187,13 +187,11 @@ func TestLocalComposeProvidesAuthenticatedControlPlaneForEveryWorker(t *testing.
 	}
 	for _, expected := range []struct {
 		name        string
-		identity    string
-		instance    string
 		certificate string
 	}{
-		{name: "gateway-a", identity: "gateway-a", instance: "gateway-a-1", certificate: "gateway-a"},
-		{name: "gateway-b", identity: "gateway-b", instance: "gateway-b-1", certificate: "gateway-b"},
-		{name: "checker", identity: "checker-a", instance: "checker-a-1", certificate: "checker-a"},
+		{name: "gateway-a", certificate: "gateway-a"},
+		{name: "gateway-b", certificate: "gateway-b"},
+		{name: "checker", certificate: "checker-a"},
 	} {
 		service, ok := document.Services[expected.name]
 		if !ok {
@@ -205,15 +203,17 @@ func TestLocalComposeProvidesAuthenticatedControlPlaneForEveryWorker(t *testing.
 			t.Errorf("%s control-plane wiring = env=%v volumes=%v dependsOn=%v", expected.name, service.Environment, service.Volumes, service.DependsOn)
 		}
 		if expected.name == "checker" {
-			if service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID"] != expected.identity ||
-				service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID"] != expected.instance ||
+			if service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY"] != "true" ||
+				service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID"] != "" ||
+				service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID"] != "" ||
 				service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT"] != "200" || !slices.Contains(service.Expose, "9090") {
 				t.Errorf("checker identity or metrics wiring = env=%v expose=%v", service.Environment, service.Expose)
 			}
 			continue
 		}
-		if service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID"] != expected.identity ||
-			service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID"] != expected.instance ||
+		if service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY"] != "true" ||
+			service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID"] != "" ||
+			service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID"] != "" ||
 			service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID"] != "compose-local" || service.Environment["PROXY_POOL_ZONE"] != "compose-local" {
 			t.Errorf("%s identity wiring = %v", expected.name, service.Environment)
 		}
diff --git a/deploy/docker-compose.yml b/deploy/docker-compose.yml
index e1fe6c6..f28076a 100644
--- a/deploy/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/deploy/docker-compose.yml
@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ services:
       <<: *app-environment
       PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS: controller:8443
       PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID: compose-local
-      PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID: gateway-a
-      PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID: gateway-a-1
+      PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY: "true"
       PROXY_POOL_ZONE: compose-local
     volumes:
       - ./config/local.yaml:/etc/proxy-pool/config.yaml:ro
@@ -50,8 +49,7 @@ services:
       <<: *app-environment
       PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS: controller:8443
       PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID: compose-local
-      PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID: gateway-b
-      PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID: gateway-b-1
+      PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY: "true"
       PROXY_POOL_ZONE: compose-local
     volumes:
       - ./config/local.yaml:/etc/proxy-pool/config.yaml:ro
@@ -98,8 +96,7 @@ services:
     environment:
       <<: *app-environment
       PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS: controller:8443
-      PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID: checker-a
-      PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID: checker-a-1
+      PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY: "true"
       PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT: "200"
     volumes:
       - ./config/local.yaml:/etc/proxy-pool/config.yaml:ro
diff --git a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/README.md b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/README.md
index ec1ee02..d5de0b2 100644
--- a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/README.md
+++ b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 # Kubernetes development mTLS overlay
 
-该 Overlay 在 base 资源之上启用 Controller 控制面 mTLS，并启动一个固定身份的 Gateway
-和 Checker。它只用于开发或预发布的单副本控制面验证，不是生产弹性身份方案。
+该 Overlay 在 base 资源之上启用 Controller 控制面 mTLS，并启动一个 Gateway 和
+Checker。进程通过 `PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true` 从各自证书的 URI SAN 派生身份；
+它只用于开发或预发布的单副本控制面验证，不是生产弹性身份方案。
 
 ## Prepare certificates
 
@@ -47,12 +48,12 @@ kubectl -n proxy-pool rollout status deployment/proxy-gateway --timeout=5m
 kubectl -n proxy-pool rollout status deployment/proxy-checker --timeout=5m
 ```
 
-Overlay 的 Gateway 固定为 `worker_id=gateway-a`，Checker 固定为
-`checker_id=checker-a`，并把 Gateway HPA 限制为 `minReplicas=maxReplicas=1`。
-因此不得在此 Overlay 上增加副本数或放宽 HPA；重复使用同一 Worker 身份会破坏
-session、ownership 和证书角色边界。
+Overlay 的 Gateway 从 `gateway-a` 证书派生 `worker_id=gateway-a`，Checker 从
+`checker-a` 证书派生 `checker_id=checker-a`，并把 Gateway HPA 限制为
+`minReplicas=maxReplicas=1`。因此不得在此 Overlay 上增加副本数或放宽 HPA；重复使用
+同一证书和 Worker 身份会破坏 session、ownership 和证书角色边界。
 
 生产环境需要由工作负载身份系统为每个副本签发独立、可轮换的证书，并将该副本的
-身份注入 `worker_id`、`instance_id`、Gateway Client TLS 或 Checker Client TLS。
-应用会在每次新控制面 TLS 握手读取更新后的叶证书和信任根；已有 gRPC 流仍按原会话保留，
-根轮换时先投放新旧根的重叠信任包，再按 PDB 滚动排空旧连接。
+身份注入 Gateway Client TLS 或 Checker Client TLS，并启用自动身份派生。应用会在每次新
+控制面 TLS 握手读取更新后的叶证书和信任根；已有 gRPC 流仍按原会话保留，根轮换时先投放
+新旧根的重叠信任包，再按 PDB 滚动排空旧连接。
diff --git a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/checker-patch.yaml b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/checker-patch.yaml
index daa6772..1da5d8a 100644
--- a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/checker-patch.yaml
+++ b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/checker-patch.yaml
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ spec:
         - name: checker
           env:
             - {name: PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS, value: controller:8443}
-            - {name: PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID, value: checker-a}
-            - {name: PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID, value: checker-a-1}
+            - {name: PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY, value: "true"}
             - {name: PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT, value: "200"}
           volumeMounts:
             - name: controlplane-checker-tls
diff --git a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/gateway-patch.yaml b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/gateway-patch.yaml
index 10fffb4..d19f1ed 100644
--- a/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/gateway-patch.yaml
+++ b/deploy/kubernetes/overlays/development-mtls/gateway-patch.yaml
@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ spec:
           env:
             - {name: PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS, value: controller:8443}
             - {name: PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID, value: kubernetes-development}
-            - {name: PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID, value: gateway-a}
-            - {name: PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID, value: gateway-a-1}
+            - {name: PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY, value: "true"}
             - {name: PROXY_POOL_ZONE, value: kubernetes-development}
           volumeMounts:
             - name: controlplane-gateway-tls
diff --git a/deploy/kubernetes_overlay_test.go b/deploy/kubernetes_overlay_test.go
index 99438c8..466d0dc 100644
--- a/deploy/kubernetes_overlay_test.go
+++ b/deploy/kubernetes_overlay_test.go
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestKubernetesDevelopmentMTLSOverlayRendersStaticWorkerIdentities(t *testing.T) {
+func TestKubernetesDevelopmentMTLSOverlayRendersCertificateDerivedIdentities(t *testing.T) {
 	kubectl, err := exec.LookPath("kubectl")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Skip("kubectl is required to render the Kubernetes development mTLS overlay")
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ func TestKubernetesDevelopmentMTLSOverlayRendersStaticWorkerIdentities(t *testin
 		"mode: mtls",
 		"trustDomain: proxy-pool.local",
 		"value: controller:8443",
-		"value: gateway-a",
-		"value: checker-a",
+		"name: PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY",
+		"value: \"true\"",
 		"secretName: proxy-pool-controlplane-server-tls",
 		"secretName: proxy-pool-controlplane-gateway-tls",
 		"secretName: proxy-pool-controlplane-checker-tls",
@@ -36,4 +36,9 @@ func TestKubernetesDevelopmentMTLSOverlayRendersStaticWorkerIdentities(t *testin
 			t.Errorf("development mTLS overlay does not render %q", required)
 		}
 	}
+	for _, forbidden := range []string{"name: PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID", "name: PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID", "name: PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_ID", "name: PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID"} {
+		if strings.Contains(rendered, forbidden) {
+			t.Errorf("development mTLS overlay still renders manual identity %q", forbidden)
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/docs/api/control-plane.md b/docs/api/control-plane.md
index 2f7ffcf..e576b48 100644
--- a/docs/api/control-plane.md
+++ b/docs/api/control-plane.md
@@ -236,6 +236,9 @@ Gateway 不复用 `controlPlane.listen` 作为客户端地址。`listen` 是 Con
 - `-worker-id` / `PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`：唯一逻辑 Worker。
 - `-instance-id` / `PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID`：唯一进程实例。
 - `-zone` / `PROXY_POOL_ZONE`：实例可用区。
+- `-auto-identity` / `PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true`：仅 mTLS 模式可用；从客户端
+  证书中唯一的 `.../worker/<worker-id>` SPIFFE URI 派生 Worker ID，并在未显式配置时
+  使用同一值作为 Instance ID。
 
 当 `controlPlane.tls.mode=mtls` 时，Gateway 使用 `controlPlane.gatewayTLS` 中独立的
 客户端证书、私钥和 Controller CA 发起 TLS 1.3 连接；证书必须符合 Controller 的
@@ -249,6 +252,8 @@ SPIFFE Worker 身份校验。
 - `-instance-id` / `PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_INSTANCE_ID`：唯一进程实例。
 - `-max-in-flight` / `PROXY_POOL_CHECKER_MAX_IN_FLIGHT`：本进程任务上限。
 - `-levels`：逗号分隔的 `basic,egress,target` 能力集合。
+- `-auto-identity` / `PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true`：仅 mTLS 模式可用；从客户端
+  证书中唯一的 `.../checker/<checker-id>` SPIFFE URI 派生 Checker ID 和缺省 Instance ID。
 
 当 `controlPlane.tls.mode=mtls` 时，Checker 使用 `controlPlane.checkerTLS` 的独立
 客户端证书、私钥和 Controller CA 建立 TLS 1.3 连接；证书必须符合 Controller 的
diff --git a/docs/configuration/reference.md b/docs/configuration/reference.md
index 2a17275..76ef5f4 100644
--- a/docs/configuration/reference.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/reference.md
@@ -309,9 +309,12 @@ controlPlane:
 Gateway 连接 Controller 时使用独立启动参数而非 `controlPlane.listen`。至少设置
 `PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`、`PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID`、
 `PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`、`PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID` 和 `PROXY_POOL_ZONE`，详见
-[控制面协议](../api/control-plane.md#9-gateway-启动参数)。Compose 本地模板使用固定
-Worker/Checker 身份和被忽略的开发证书目录；Kubernetes Base 保持
+[控制面协议](../api/control-plane.md#9-gateway-启动参数)。Compose 本地模板从被忽略的
+开发证书目录派生 Worker/Checker 身份；Kubernetes Base 保持
 `controlPlane.enabled: false`，必须由具备每工作负载唯一身份的 mTLS Overlay 启用。
+在 mTLS 生产工作负载中，`PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true` 可省略 `WORKER_ID` 和
+`INSTANCE_ID`：进程仅接受其 `gatewayTLS` 叶证书中唯一的
+`spiffe://<trust-domain>/<environment>/worker/<worker-id>` URI，并以该 ID 作为缺省实例。
 
 Checker 同样使用独立的可拨号地址：`proxy-checker` 的 `-control-plane`、
 `-checker-id`、`-instance-id` 和 `-max-in-flight` 可由对应的
@@ -325,6 +328,10 @@ Routing 也不会再产生其 TARGET 任务；revision 不一致或状态不完
 上游/路由启停、有效 `check` 策略和目标列表会在下一轮生效，
 新启用的上游无需重启 Controller。
 
+`PROXY_POOL_AUTO_IDENTITY=true` 对 Checker 使用同样规则：仅接受 `checkerTLS` 中唯一的
+`spiffe://<trust-domain>/<environment>/checker/<checker-id>` URI，并在未显式设置时复用其
+`checker-id` 作为实例 ID。
+
 `maxRuntimeCounters` 同时限制单个 Runtime 报告和单个 Outcome 批次的条目数。Gateway
 在本地维护容量为 `65536` 的非阻塞 Outcome 队列，默认微批上限为 `512`，实际取二者中
 较小值；该队列与其序列确认状态仅存在于 Gateway 进程内。Controller 的 Redis 状态只保存
diff --git a/internal/checker/bootstrap/bootstrap.go b/internal/checker/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
index f2bfde3..a661648 100644
--- a/internal/checker/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
+++ b/internal/checker/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"proxy-pool/internal/checker/probe"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/config"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/controlplane/clienttransport"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/controlplane/tlsreload"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/domain/workerruntime"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/platform/httpserver"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/platform/lifecycle"
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	ControlPlaneAddress string
 	CheckerID           string
 	InstanceID          string
+	AutoIdentity        bool
 	MaxInFlight         int
 	SupportedLevels     []controlplanev1.CheckLevel
 	GRPCTransport       credentials.TransportCredentials
@@ -59,6 +61,10 @@ func Run(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 	if !configuration.ControlPlane.Enabled {
 		return errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("controlPlane must be enabled"))
 	}
+	options, err = resolveIdentity(configuration, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrStartup, err)
+	}
 	runtime, err := newRuntime(ctx, configuration, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrStartup, err)
@@ -124,13 +130,44 @@ func newRuntime(ctx context.Context, configuration *config.Config, options Optio
 func validateOptions(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 	if ctx == nil || strings.TrimSpace(options.ConfigPath) != options.ConfigPath || options.ConfigPath == "" ||
 		nilInterface(options.Resolver) || !clienttransport.ValidDialAddress(options.ControlPlaneAddress) ||
-		!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.CheckerID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID) ||
+		(options.CheckerID != "" && !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.CheckerID)) ||
+		(options.InstanceID != "" && !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID)) ||
+		(!options.AutoIdentity && (!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.CheckerID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID))) ||
 		options.MaxInFlight <= 0 || len(options.SupportedLevels) == 0 {
 		return ErrInvalidOptions
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+func resolveIdentity(configuration *config.Config, options Options) (Options, error) {
+	if configuration == nil {
+		return Options{}, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	if !options.AutoIdentity {
+		return options, nil
+	}
+	if configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.Mode != "mtls" {
+		return Options{}, errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("auto identity requires controlPlane mTLS"))
+	}
+	identity, err := tlsreload.ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(
+		configuration.ControlPlane.CheckerTLS.CertFile, configuration.ControlPlane.CheckerTLS.KeyFile,
+		configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.TrustDomain, configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.Environment, "checker",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Options{}, fmt.Errorf("resolve checker SPIFFE identity: %w", err)
+	}
+	if options.CheckerID == "" {
+		options.CheckerID = identity
+	}
+	if options.InstanceID == "" {
+		options.InstanceID = identity
+	}
+	if !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.CheckerID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID) || options.CheckerID != identity {
+		return Options{}, errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("checker identity does not match SPIFFE certificate"))
+	}
+	return options, nil
+}
+
 type runtime struct {
 	connection *grpc.ClientConn
 	group      *lifecycle.Group
diff --git a/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity.go b/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eced2bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package tlsreload
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+
+	"proxy-pool/internal/domain/workerruntime"
+)
+
+var ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity = errors.New("invalid SPIFFE workload identity")
+
+// ResolveSPIFFEIdentity returns the logical Worker or Checker ID encoded in a
+// role-specific SPIFFE URI SAN. It only accepts the exact identity shape that
+// the Controller authorizer accepts for a control-plane request.
+func ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(certificateFile, keyFile, trustDomain, environment, role string) (string, error) {
+	if certificateFile == "" || keyFile == "" || trustDomain == "" || environment == "" || (role != "worker" && role != "checker") {
+		return "", ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity
+	}
+	certificate, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(certificateFile, keyFile)
+	if err != nil || len(certificate.Certificate) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%w: load client certificate", ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity)
+	}
+	leaf, err := x509.ParseCertificate(certificate.Certificate[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%w: parse client certificate", ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity)
+	}
+	var identity string
+	for _, uri := range leaf.URIs {
+		candidate, ok := spiffeIdentity(uri, trustDomain, environment, role)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if identity != "" {
+			return "", ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity
+		}
+		identity = candidate
+	}
+	if !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(identity) {
+		return "", ErrInvalidSPIFFEIdentity
+	}
+	return identity, nil
+}
+
+func spiffeIdentity(uri *url.URL, trustDomain, environment, role string) (string, bool) {
+	if uri == nil || uri.Scheme != "spiffe" || uri.Host != trustDomain || uri.RawQuery != "" || uri.Fragment != "" {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	segments := strings.Split(strings.Trim(uri.Path, "/"), "/")
+	if len(segments) != 3 || segments[0] != environment || segments[1] != role || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(segments[2]) {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return segments[2], true
+}
diff --git a/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity_test.go b/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9060f29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/controlplane/tlsreload/identity_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package tlsreload
+
+import (
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"math/big"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestResolveSPIFFEIdentityUsesExactRoleSpecificURI(t *testing.T) {
+	certificatePath, keyPath := writeWorkloadCertificate(t, "gateway-a", "spiffe://proxy-pool.local/production/worker/gateway-a")
+	identity, err := ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(certificatePath, keyPath, "proxy-pool.local", "production", "worker")
+	if err != nil || identity != "gateway-a" {
+		t.Fatalf("ResolveSPIFFEIdentity() = (%q, %v), want (gateway-a, nil)", identity, err)
+	}
+	if _, err := ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(certificatePath, keyPath, "proxy-pool.local", "production", "checker"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(checker) error = nil")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveSPIFFEIdentityRejectsMultipleMatchingURIs(t *testing.T) {
+	certificatePath, keyPath := writeWorkloadCertificate(t, "gateway-a",
+		"spiffe://proxy-pool.local/production/worker/gateway-a",
+		"spiffe://proxy-pool.local/production/worker/gateway-b",
+	)
+	if _, err := ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(certificatePath, keyPath, "proxy-pool.local", "production", "worker"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(multiple identities) error = nil")
+	}
+}
+
+func writeWorkloadCertificate(t *testing.T, commonName string, identityURIs ...string) (string, string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	directory := t.TempDir()
+	certificatePath := filepath.Join(directory, "tls.crt")
+	keyPath := filepath.Join(directory, "tls.key")
+	privateKey, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate workload key: %v", err)
+	}
+	identities := make([]*url.URL, 0, len(identityURIs))
+	for _, raw := range identityURIs {
+		identity, parseErr := url.Parse(raw)
+		if parseErr != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("parse workload identity: %v", parseErr)
+		}
+		identities = append(identities, identity)
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	template := &x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: big.NewInt(now.UnixNano()), Subject: pkix.Name{CommonName: commonName},
+		URIs: identities, NotBefore: now.Add(-time.Minute), NotAfter: now.Add(time.Hour),
+		KeyUsage:    x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature | x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment,
+		ExtKeyUsage: []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageClientAuth},
+	}
+	der, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, template, template, &privateKey.PublicKey, privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create workload certificate: %v", err)
+	}
+	certificate := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: der})
+	privateDER, err := x509.MarshalPKCS8PrivateKey(privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshal workload key: %v", err)
+	}
+	key := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privateDER})
+	if err := os.WriteFile(certificatePath, certificate, 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write workload certificate: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, key, 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write workload key: %v", err)
+	}
+	return certificatePath, keyPath
+}
diff --git a/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
index 847dbff..e5f7e31 100644
--- a/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
+++ b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	controlplanev1 "proxy-pool/gen/controlplane/v1"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/config"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/controlplane/clienttransport"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/controlplane/tlsreload"
 	outcomeDomain "proxy-pool/internal/domain/outcome"
 	proxyDomain "proxy-pool/internal/domain/proxy"
 	"proxy-pool/internal/domain/workerruntime"
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	ClusterID           string
 	WorkerID            string
 	InstanceID          string
+	AutoIdentity        bool
 	Zone                string
 	Labels              map[string]string
 	HTTP                httpserver.Options
@@ -83,6 +85,10 @@ func Run(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 	if !configuration.Gateway.Enabled || !configuration.ControlPlane.Enabled {
 		return errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("gateway and controlPlane must be enabled"))
 	}
+	options, err = resolveIdentity(configuration, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrStartup, err)
+	}
 
 	runtime, err := newRuntime(ctx, configuration, options)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -94,8 +100,11 @@ func Run(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 
 func validateOptions(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 	if ctx == nil || strings.TrimSpace(options.ConfigPath) != options.ConfigPath || options.ConfigPath == "" ||
-		nilInterface(options.Resolver) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.ClusterID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.WorkerID) ||
-		!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.Zone) || !clienttransport.ValidDialAddress(options.ControlPlaneAddress) {
+		nilInterface(options.Resolver) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.ClusterID) ||
+		(options.WorkerID != "" && !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.WorkerID)) ||
+		(options.InstanceID != "" && !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID)) ||
+		(!options.AutoIdentity && (!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.WorkerID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID))) ||
+		!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.Zone) || !clienttransport.ValidDialAddress(options.ControlPlaneAddress) {
 		return ErrInvalidOptions
 	}
 	if options.GatewayListener == nil && options.MetricsListener != nil {
@@ -107,6 +116,35 @@ func validateOptions(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func resolveIdentity(configuration *config.Config, options Options) (Options, error) {
+	if configuration == nil {
+		return Options{}, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	if !options.AutoIdentity {
+		return options, nil
+	}
+	if configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.Mode != "mtls" {
+		return Options{}, errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("auto identity requires controlPlane mTLS"))
+	}
+	identity, err := tlsreload.ResolveSPIFFEIdentity(
+		configuration.ControlPlane.GatewayTLS.CertFile, configuration.ControlPlane.GatewayTLS.KeyFile,
+		configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.TrustDomain, configuration.ControlPlane.TLS.Environment, "worker",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Options{}, fmt.Errorf("resolve gateway SPIFFE identity: %w", err)
+	}
+	if options.WorkerID == "" {
+		options.WorkerID = identity
+	}
+	if options.InstanceID == "" {
+		options.InstanceID = identity
+	}
+	if !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.WorkerID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID) || options.WorkerID != identity {
+		return Options{}, errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("gateway identity does not match SPIFFE certificate"))
+	}
+	return options, nil
+}
+
 func loadConfiguration(ctx context.Context, path string, resolver config.Resolver) (*config.Config, error) {
 	if ctx == nil || strings.TrimSpace(path) != path || path == "" || nilInterface(resolver) {
 		return nil, ErrInvalidOptions