diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 5480952..ea5dd32 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ Proxy Pool 用 Controller 协调这些变化，并让 Gateway 数据面只消费
 ## 使用方式
 
 - **Gateway**：调用方连接平台，由平台选择上游代理并转发 HTTP 或 HTTPS
-  CONNECT。当前已有传输、调度和保护链组件，命令进程与控制面快照客户端待装配。
+  CONNECT。`proxy-gateway` 已装配本地监听、指标探针和控制面 Register/Watch/ACK/
+  Runtime 会话；带凭据 Proxy 分发仍待闭环。
 - **Distribution**：调用方按条件提取真实代理；成功提取即独占消费，不支持归还、
   续租或状态查询。
 - **Admin**：运维人员查询状态、启停 Upstream、切换 Routing，并触发严格配置
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@ Proxy Pool 用 Controller 协调这些变化，并让 Gateway 数据面只消费
   Routing 快照。Gateway 会将 Routing 与 Proxy 原子编译为同一内存 View，并只按当前未过期
   View 匹配请求，并在内存中按 Sequential、Random、Round Robin、Weighted 或 Least
   Connections 选择上游。无候选时支持 reject、受 `waitTimeout` 限制的本地容量等待，
-  以及仍经过目标地址策略的 direct；`proxy-gateway` 命令与凭据分发仍待装配。
+  以及仍经过目标地址策略的 direct；`proxy-gateway` 通过独立控制面拨号地址维护
+  Session，并仅在持有未过期 Snapshot 时 Ready；凭据分发仍待装配。
 - **安全边界**：Gateway、Distribution 与 Admin 使用各自的认证语义，并支持
   CIDR、可信代理、严格请求解析和敏感信息最小化。
 
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ Proxy Pool 用 Controller 协调这些变化，并让 Gateway 数据面只消费
 
 ```mermaid
 flowchart LR
-    Client[调用方] -->|HTTP / CONNECT| Gateway[Gateway<br/>进程待装配]
+    Client[调用方] -->|HTTP / CONNECT| Gateway[proxy-gateway]
     Client -->|独占提取| Distribution[Distribution]
     Operator[运维人员] -->|管理操作| Admin[Admin]
     subgraph CP[proxy-controller 已运行]
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ flowchart LR
     Controller --> Redis[(Redis)]
     Controller --> PostgreSQL[(PostgreSQL)]
     Checker[Checker<br/>健康链待闭环] -. Observation .-> Controller
-    Controller -. Snapshot 链待闭环 .-> Gateway
+    Controller -. gRPC Snapshot .-> Gateway
 ```
 
 - **PostgreSQL** 只保存管理面状态，不保存 Proxy 明细或逐次提取记录。
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ flowchart LR
 
 ## 当前完成度
 
-截至 **2026-07-31**，实施计划检查项为 **53 / 74（71.6%）**。详情见
+截至 **2026-07-31**，实施计划检查项为 **54 / 74（73.0%）**。详情见
 [实施计划](docs/development/implementation-plan.md)和
 [交付完成度审计](docs/requirements/completion-audit.md)。
 
@@ -84,9 +86,9 @@ flowchart LR
   提取与限流、Controller 的 Admin/Distribution/Metrics 监听，以及 PostgreSQL
   管理状态；WorkerControlPlane 的 Register、Snapshot ACK、Runtime 心跳接收和
   Redis 会话栅栏。
-- **部分完成**：Gateway 传输与调度组件、Snapshot 本地存储、Worker ownership
-  与运行态领域组件、Docker Compose/Kubernetes 静态部署清单和 protobuf 契约。
-- **待完成**：带凭据 Proxy 分发、Gateway 进程装配、Outcome 上报、Checker 调度与健康状态链，
+- **部分完成**：Gateway 的带凭据 Proxy 分发与 Outcome 上报、Checker 调度与健康状态链、
+  Docker Compose/Kubernetes 运行时 mTLS Overlay，以及 protobuf 契约。
+- **待完成**：带凭据 Proxy 分发、Outcome 上报、Checker 调度与健康状态链，
   以及 loadgen 和代表性集群压测。
 
 检查项数量不等于生产就绪度。静态部署清单与 protobuf descriptor 验证也不代表
@@ -137,7 +139,20 @@ go run ./cmd/proxy-controller -config CONFIG_FILE
 改用宿主机可达的存储地址。
 
 本地配置中的 `.invalid` Provider URL 是故障演示占位，不会提供真实代理。
-当前仓库没有 Gateway、Checker 或 loadgen 命令，因此不提供对应启动命令。
+Gateway 已提供启动命令；需要先启用 Controller `controlPlane` 并配置匹配的 mTLS
+证书（回环 fixture 可使用明文），再提供独立的拨号地址和 Worker 身份：
+
+```powershell
+go run ./cmd/proxy-gateway -config CONFIG_FILE `
+  -control-plane CONTROLLER_HOST:8443 `
+  -cluster-id CLUSTER_ID -worker-id WORKER_ID `
+  -instance-id INSTANCE_ID -zone ZONE
+```
+
+以上参数也可通过 `PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`、`PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID`、
+`PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`、`PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID` 与 `PROXY_POOL_ZONE` 提供。
+Gateway 的 `/livez`、`/readyz`、`/metrics` 使用配置中的 `metrics.listen`；无有效
+Snapshot 时 `/readyz` 返回 `503`。Checker 与 loadgen 命令尚未实现。
 
 ## 关键配置与入口
 
@@ -170,8 +185,8 @@ go run ./cmd/proxy-controller -config CONFIG_FILE
   ownership 索引，以及 Gateway 快照客户端。
 - **P0 - Checker 健康链**：Checker 调度、实际探测、Observation reducer，以及
   `FETCHED -> AVAILABLE / SUSPECT / UNHEALTHY` 状态链。
-- **P1 - Gateway 与 Routing**：`proxy-gateway` 命令、五种 Routing 策略、
-  `onUnavailable`、动态容量调整和 Drain 闭环。
+- **P1 - Gateway 与 Routing**：Gateway 进程、五种 Routing 策略与
+  `onUnavailable` 已接入；带凭据 Proxy 分发、动态容量调整和 Drain 闭环待完成。
 - **P1 - 可观测与部署**：低基数业务指标、完整 Compose/Kubernetes 进程拓扑，
   以及故障转移和恢复演练。
 - **P2 - 容量证明**：`proxy-loadgen`、HTTP/CONNECT/Extract 分场景压测，以及
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6735616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"proxy-pool/internal/config"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/bootstrap"
+)
+
+const (
+	configEnvironment              = "PROXY_POOL_CONFIG"
+	controlPlaneAddressEnvironment = "PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS"
+	clusterIDEnvironment           = "PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID"
+	workerIDEnvironment            = "PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID"
+	instanceIDEnvironment          = "PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID"
+	zoneEnvironment                = "PROXY_POOL_ZONE"
+)
+
+type environmentLookup func(string) string
+type gatewayRun func(context.Context, bootstrap.Options) error
+
+func main() {
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	defer stop()
+	os.Exit(execute(ctx, os.Args[1:], os.Getenv, bootstrap.Run, os.Stderr))
+}
+
+func execute(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	args []string,
+	getenv environmentLookup,
+	run gatewayRun,
+	stderr io.Writer,
+) int {
+	flags := flag.NewFlagSet("proxy-gateway", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	flags.SetOutput(stderr)
+	configPath := flags.String("config", "", "configuration file path")
+	controlPlaneAddress := flags.String("control-plane", "", "remote Controller control-plane address")
+	clusterID := flags.String("cluster-id", "", "cluster identifier")
+	workerID := flags.String("worker-id", "", "unique Worker identifier")
+	instanceID := flags.String("instance-id", "", "unique process instance identifier")
+	zone := flags.String("zone", "", "availability zone identifier")
+	if err := flags.Parse(args); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, flag.ErrHelp) {
+			return 0
+		}
+		return 2
+	}
+	if flags.NArg() != 0 {
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(stderr, "proxy-gateway: unexpected positional arguments")
+		return 2
+	}
+	if getenv != nil {
+		setIfEmpty(configPath, getenv(configEnvironment))
+		setIfEmpty(controlPlaneAddress, getenv(controlPlaneAddressEnvironment))
+		setIfEmpty(clusterID, getenv(clusterIDEnvironment))
+		setIfEmpty(workerID, getenv(workerIDEnvironment))
+		setIfEmpty(instanceID, getenv(instanceIDEnvironment))
+		setIfEmpty(zone, getenv(zoneEnvironment))
+	}
+	if ctx == nil || run == nil || !validValue(*configPath) || !validValue(*controlPlaneAddress) ||
+		!validValue(*clusterID) || !validValue(*workerID) || !validValue(*instanceID) || !validValue(*zone) {
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(stderr,
+			"proxy-gateway: -config, -control-plane, -cluster-id, -worker-id, -instance-id and -zone are required; "+
+				"environment fallbacks: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s\n",
+			configEnvironment, controlPlaneAddressEnvironment, clusterIDEnvironment, workerIDEnvironment, instanceIDEnvironment, zoneEnvironment,
+		)
+		return 2
+	}
+	err := run(ctx, bootstrap.Options{
+		ConfigPath: *configPath, Resolver: config.OSResolver{}, ControlPlaneAddress: *controlPlaneAddress,
+		ClusterID: *clusterID, WorkerID: *workerID, InstanceID: *instanceID, Zone: *zone,
+	})
+	if err == nil || (errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) && ctx.Err() != nil) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "proxy-gateway: %v\n", err)
+	return 1
+}
+
+func setIfEmpty(target *string, value string) {
+	if target != nil && *target == "" {
+		*target = value
+	}
+}
+
+func validValue(value string) bool {
+	return value != "" && strings.TrimSpace(value) == value
+}
diff --git a/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6ba26b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/proxy-gateway/main_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/bootstrap"
+)
+
+func TestExecutePassesExplicitGatewayIdentity(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var captured bootstrap.Options
+	status := execute(context.Background(), []string{
+		"-config", "gateway.yaml",
+		"-control-plane", "127.0.0.1:8443",
+		"-cluster-id", "cluster-a",
+		"-worker-id", "worker-a",
+		"-instance-id", "instance-a",
+		"-zone", "zone-a",
+	}, func(string) string { return "" }, func(_ context.Context, options bootstrap.Options) error {
+		captured = options
+		return nil
+	}, io.Discard)
+	if status != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("execute() status = %d, want 0", status)
+	}
+	if captured.ConfigPath != "gateway.yaml" || captured.ControlPlaneAddress != "127.0.0.1:8443" ||
+		captured.ClusterID != "cluster-a" || captured.WorkerID != "worker-a" ||
+		captured.InstanceID != "instance-a" || captured.Zone != "zone-a" {
+		t.Fatalf("bootstrap options = %+v", captured)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExecuteReadsGatewayOptionsFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	values := map[string]string{
+		configEnvironment:              "gateway.yaml",
+		controlPlaneAddressEnvironment: "127.0.0.1:8443",
+		clusterIDEnvironment:           "cluster-a",
+		workerIDEnvironment:            "worker-a",
+		instanceIDEnvironment:          "instance-a",
+		zoneEnvironment:                "zone-a",
+	}
+	var captured bootstrap.Options
+	status := execute(context.Background(), nil, func(name string) string { return values[name] }, func(_ context.Context, options bootstrap.Options) error {
+		captured = options
+		return nil
+	}, io.Discard)
+	if status != 0 || captured.WorkerID != "worker-a" || captured.ControlPlaneAddress != "127.0.0.1:8443" {
+		t.Fatalf("execute() = (%d, %+v)", status, captured)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExecuteRejectsIncompleteGatewayOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var output strings.Builder
+	status := execute(context.Background(), []string{"-config", "gateway.yaml"}, func(string) string { return "" }, nil, &output)
+	if status != 2 || !strings.Contains(output.String(), controlPlaneAddressEnvironment) {
+		t.Fatalf("execute() = (%d, %q), want usage error naming missing environment", status, output.String())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/docs/api/control-plane.md b/docs/api/control-plane.md
index 429b642..f9e862e 100644
--- a/docs/api/control-plane.md
+++ b/docs/api/control-plane.md
@@ -33,8 +33,10 @@ Gateway 校验后 ACK 并开始 Runtime 心跳。Controller 会从 Redis 的有
 Gateway 已将该 payload 编译并原子发布到与 Proxy 相同版本的本地 View，动态 Router 只匹配
 当前未过期 View；派发器已按五种策略从该 View 选择上游，且在 Proxy 容量耗尽时只在该
 View 的其余候选中回退。`wait_timeout` 随 `on_unavailable=WAIT` 下发并在 Gateway 作为有界
-本地容量等待使用；`DIRECT` 仍先经过 TargetPolicy 再建立 HTTP/CONNECT 直连。增量、Gateway
-进程装配、Outcome 与 Checker 闭环尚未实现。`ReportOutcomes` 仍明确返回 `Unimplemented`；
+本地容量等待使用；`DIRECT` 仍先经过 TargetPolicy 再建立 HTTP/CONNECT 直连。`proxy-gateway`
+已装配 Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime 会话、HTTP 代理监听和 Snapshot 就绪探针；控制面中断时
+保持进程运行并以有界退避重连，未取得有效 Snapshot 的 Worker 不会 Ready。增量、带凭据
+Proxy 分发、Outcome 与 Checker 闭环尚未实现。`ReportOutcomes` 仍明确返回 `Unimplemented`；
 `100,000 QPS` 仍是未验证的设计目标。
 
 `WatchSnapshots` 建立时校验当前 session；每次签发快照引用时也把 `session_id`
@@ -163,3 +165,19 @@ Routing 决定 AVAILABLE、SUSPECT 或 UNHEALTHY，并更新 Redis 活动池，
 集群环境使用 mTLS，证书身份绑定 Worker/Checker 类型和环境。服务端校验
 消息中的逻辑 ID 与证书授权一致，设置单消息大小、流持续时间、并发 Stream
 和上报批次上限。`secret_ref` 是受控引用，不在 Proto 中传播真实密码。
+
+## 9. Gateway 启动参数
+
+Gateway 不复用 `controlPlane.listen` 作为客户端地址。`listen` 是 Controller 的
+服务端绑定地址；每个 Gateway 必须显式提供以下独立参数或同名环境变量：
+
+- `-control-plane` / `PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`：Controller 的可拨号地址。
+- `-cluster-id` / `PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID`：快照所属集群。
+- `-worker-id` / `PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`：唯一逻辑 Worker。
+- `-instance-id` / `PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID`：唯一进程实例。
+- `-zone` / `PROXY_POOL_ZONE`：实例可用区。
+
+当 `controlPlane.tls.mode=mtls` 时，Gateway 使用 `controlPlane.gatewayTLS` 中独立的
+客户端证书、私钥和 Controller CA 发起 TLS 1.3 连接；证书必须符合 Controller 的
+SPIFFE Worker 身份校验。
+`disabled` 仅接受回环控制面地址，供本地 fixture 使用。
diff --git a/docs/configuration/reference.md b/docs/configuration/reference.md
index 348d363..eb4e2d2 100644
--- a/docs/configuration/reference.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/reference.md
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ go run ./cmd/proxy-controller -config CONFIG_FILE
 所有 Controller 副本必须一致，且该密钥不得放入 YAML 或 PostgreSQL。该入口已装配
 PostgreSQL 管理面迁移、Redis 活动池、Distribution/Admin 独立监听与优雅停机；
 Controller Metrics 独立监听、`/livez`、`/readyz` 和基础 Prometheus 运行时指标；
-Provider 自动补池、分布式配额、动态重载和 Admin 低基数统计已装配。完整 Gateway、
-Checker、Worker 控制面与代表性负载验证仍在后续实施范围。
+Provider 自动补池、分布式配额、动态重载和 Admin 低基数统计已装配。Gateway 进程、
+Worker 控制面会话和 Snapshot 就绪探针已装配；Checker、带凭据 Proxy 分发与代表性
+负载验证仍在后续实施范围。
 
 所有时间值使用 Go duration，例如 `500ms`、`30s`、`5m`。示例中的
 `${TOKEN}`、`${PASSWORD}`、`${POSTGRES_URL}` 等由加载器从同名环境变量
@@ -166,6 +167,10 @@ controlPlane:
     clientCAFile: /run/secrets/worker-ca.pem
     trustDomain: proxy.example
     environment: production
+  gatewayTLS:
+    certFile: /run/secrets/gateway-cert.pem
+    keyFile: /run/secrets/gateway-key.pem
+    serverCAFile: /run/secrets/controller-ca.pem
 ```
 
 - `protocolVersion` 当前固定为 `1`。
@@ -175,6 +180,15 @@ controlPlane:
 - `tls.mode` 只能为 `disabled` 或 `mtls`。`disabled` 只允许回环监听；`mtls` 必须
   同时配置证书、私钥、客户端 CA、全小写 DNS `trustDomain` 和单 URI 路径段
   `environment`。
+- `gatewayTLS` 是 Gateway 的客户端证书、私钥和 Controller CA，与 `tls` 的服务端
+  证书和 Worker CA 分离。三项可以同时省略（未运行 Gateway），配置任一项时必须完整提供。
+
+Gateway 连接 Controller 时使用独立启动参数而非 `controlPlane.listen`。至少设置
+`PROXY_POOL_CONTROL_PLANE_ADDRESS`、`PROXY_POOL_CLUSTER_ID`、
+`PROXY_POOL_WORKER_ID`、`PROXY_POOL_INSTANCE_ID` 和 `PROXY_POOL_ZONE`，详见
+[控制面协议](../api/control-plane.md#9-gateway-启动参数)。基础 Compose/Kubernetes
+模板保持 `controlPlane.enabled: false`，环境 Overlay 挂载 mTLS 证书并启用后才可启动
+Gateway。
 
 ## 5. Gateway
 
diff --git a/docs/design/project-structure.md b/docs/design/project-structure.md
index ea4fbdd..c58a0c8 100644
--- a/docs/design/project-structure.md
+++ b/docs/design/project-structure.md
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ proxy-pool/
 ├── internal/
 │   ├── config/              # 严格配置解析和校验
 │   ├── domain/              # 无传输、无存储依赖的领域模型
-│   ├── gateway/             # snapshot、dispatch、server、transport
+│   ├── gateway/             # bootstrap、snapshot、dispatch、server、transport
 │   ├── controller/          # provider、pool、extraction、operations、runtime、bootstrap
 │   ├── adapters/            # PostgreSQL、Redis、Provider API、内存适配
 │   └── platform/            # HTTP、安全、日志、指标、停机和进程装配
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ proxy-pool/
 选择、session 与重试资格等热路径决策；`transport` 独占连接池、上游握手和
 隧道生命周期。任何包都不得从热路径反向调用 Controller 存储。
 
+`gateway/bootstrap` 只在进程启动时加载配置、建立 gRPC 控制面 Session、组装 HTTP
+代理与 Metrics 监听；请求热路径只读取本地 Snapshot。`/readyz` 要求当前 Snapshot
+尚未到期，控制面断开期间以有界退避重连而不访问 Redis/PostgreSQL。
+
 ### proxy-controller
 
 Controller 是首版模块化单体。Provider、Pool、Routing 和 Extraction 共享
diff --git a/docs/development/implementation-plan.md b/docs/development/implementation-plan.md
index 2030837..5b7e9b2 100644
--- a/docs/development/implementation-plan.md
+++ b/docs/development/implementation-plan.md
@@ -212,7 +212,8 @@ Prometheus 运行时指标，三监听器隔离已通过测试；业务指标仍
 WorkerControlPlane 现已接入 Controller 生命周期：Register、ACK 和 Runtime
 报告均经 Redis 服务端 TTL 的 session/issued-snapshot/ACK 栅栏校验；mTLS SPIFFE
 身份、消息/流限制和有界停机已实现。`WatchSnapshots` 会发送当前 epoch 的基础完整
-Snapshot 并保持连接；Gateway 已具备 Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime 会话协调组件。
+Snapshot 并保持连接；Gateway 已具备 Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime 会话协调组件与
+`proxy-gateway` 进程装配。
 按 Worker 的可下发 ownership 索引已进入 Redis 原子脚本，并可构建无凭据引用的
 已归属 Proxy payload。Snapshot 签发与 session 匹配在同一 Redis Lua 操作中完成，
 重注册会清除旧引用，避免迟到 Stream 覆盖新 session。Worker 服务端会在最近完整
@@ -221,7 +222,8 @@ Snapshot 的 `valid_until` 到达时结束流；公用 `SessionSupervisor` 已
 payload 已按配置顺序和 Admin revision/current 状态发布并覆盖 checksum；Gateway 已将其与
 Proxy 原子编译为同版本 View，动态 Router 只匹配该未过期 View。派发器的五种上游选择已
 接入该 View，并在容量耗尽时在同版本候选中回退；`onUnavailable` 的 reject、wait 与 direct
-已接入 Gateway，凭据分发、Gateway 命令与 Outcome 上报仍未实现。
+已接入 Gateway；`proxy-gateway` 已装配本地 HTTP/Metrics 监听、快照就绪探针和
+控制面重连，凭据分发与 Outcome 上报仍未实现。
 
 已新增公用 `domain/activitypool` 契约及并发安全内存参考实现，Provider
 Reconciler 通过 `UpsertFetched` 写入带供应商 TTL 和分配安全余量的批次；已覆盖
diff --git a/docs/requirements/completion-audit.md b/docs/requirements/completion-audit.md
index 2bd444f..317d37d 100644
--- a/docs/requirements/completion-audit.md
+++ b/docs/requirements/completion-audit.md
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
 - `OPS-001`：完整 Snapshot 目标、epoch/version、校验和验证及原子替换。
 - `CAP-001 / GW 热路径边界`：本地 Dispatch 条件过滤与原子容量预留。
 - `GW-*`：HTTP 正向代理、HTTPS CONNECT、双向 Tunnel、超时、重试、保护链与
-  优雅停机 Handler 已实现并通过定向测试。
+  优雅停机 Handler 已实现并通过定向测试。`proxy-gateway` 已装配本地 HTTP/Metrics
+  监听、快照就绪探针、显式控制面拨号和 Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime 会话；本地 gRPC
+  集成测试验证收到有效 Snapshot 后才 Ready，并可完成 direct 路由。
 - `PROVIDER-*`：Provider HTTP Client、严格响应上限、模板解析安全边界、凭据
   引用 Store 与 Reconciler Adapter 已实现。
 - `DIST/Admin HTTP`：严格 JSON、Request ID、Problem 响应及 Distribution/Admin
@@ -88,10 +90,10 @@ CI 已配置 Linux race job。PostgreSQL 18 和 Redis 8.2 的隔离 Adapter fixt
 
 以下已有设计、接口或部署位置，但尚无端到端生产实现：
 
-1. `cmd/proxy-gateway/checker/loadgen` 进程装配；`proxy-controller` 已完成
-   Admin/Distribution/Metrics 与 PostgreSQL/Redis 启动装配，但 Provider 和业务
-   指标链未闭环。
-2. Gateway 进程装配、生产连接池调优与代表性流量压测。
+1. `cmd/proxy-checker/loadgen` 进程装配；`proxy-controller` 已完成
+   Admin/Distribution/Metrics 与 PostgreSQL/Redis 启动装配，`proxy-gateway` 已完成
+   HTTP/Metrics 与控制面 Session 装配，但 Provider 和业务指标链未闭环。
+2. Gateway 的带凭据 Proxy 分发、生产连接池调优与代表性流量压测。
 3. Provider 分布式 singleflight/Leader、长期凭据回收和累计额度执行器。
 4. Controller 的 PostgreSQL 连接池、迁移和 pgx Adapter 启动装配已完成；
    公用 bootstrap 已通过 PostgreSQL 18 + Redis 8.2 双存储集成，Controller
@@ -100,8 +102,8 @@ CI 已配置 Linux race job。PostgreSQL 18 和 Redis 8.2 的隔离 Adapter fixt
    SPIFFE mTLS 校验和 Controller 生命周期接线已完成；Redis Provider Leader、
    分布式请求额度、Distribution Client 限制和 Provider 状态丢失重建已完成。
 6. Worker 基础网络快照流、无凭据引用 Proxy/Gateway Routing payload、Gateway Snapshot
-   客户端、同版本 Routing 编译/动态匹配、五种策略上游选择与 reject/wait/direct 已完成；凭据
-   分发与 Outcome 上报仍待完成。Redis ownership drain/ACK/过期回收及按 Worker 的可下发索引已完成。
+   客户端和进程装配、同版本 Routing 编译/动态匹配、五种策略上游选择与 reject/wait/direct 已完成；
+   凭据分发与 Outcome 上报仍待完成。Redis ownership drain/ACK/过期回收及按 Worker 的可下发索引已完成。
 7. Checker 调度、探测器和健康 reducer。
 8. Admin/Distribution 细粒度授权和审计查询；Distribution 分布式限流已完成。
 9. 真实 Compose/Kubernetes 集成、故障演练和代表性集群负载测试。
diff --git a/docs/requirements/traceability.md b/docs/requirements/traceability.md
index 3f5608a..bc38337 100644
--- a/docs/requirements/traceability.md
+++ b/docs/requirements/traceability.md
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 
 | ID | 最终需求 | 来源 | 验证证据 |
 |---|---|---|---|
-| ARCH-001 | 数据面 Worker 与控制面 Controller 分离 | 1-70 | 包、协议和部署拓扑已分离；Controller 已运行 Worker Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime gRPC，并发布无凭据 Proxy/Gateway Routing 完整快照；Gateway 已将同版本 Routing 编译为动态匹配 View。Gateway/Checker/Loadgen 构建产物、策略派发与 `onUnavailable` 待实现 |
-| ARCH-002 | 热路径只做认证、本地路由和网络转发 | 1-70, 380-430 | Snapshot/Dispatch 及依赖边界已验证；完整 Gateway 进程与代表性性能剖析待完成 |
-| ARCH-003 | Gateway、Distribution、Admin、Metrics 独立入口 | 8904-8958 | Controller 命令已装配 Distribution/Admin/Metrics 三个独立监听及联动停机；Gateway 生产入口待装配 |
+| ARCH-001 | 数据面 Worker 与控制面 Controller 分离 | 1-70 | 包、协议和部署拓扑已分离；Controller 已运行 Worker Register/Watch/ACK/Runtime gRPC，并发布无凭据 Proxy/Gateway Routing 完整快照；Gateway 已将同版本 Routing 编译为动态匹配 View，并由独立进程维护控制面会话。Checker/Loadgen 构建产物与带凭据 Proxy 分发待实现 |
+| ARCH-002 | 热路径只做认证、本地路由和网络转发 | 1-70, 380-430 | Gateway bootstrap 集成测试验证启动期控制面会话与快照就绪，HTTP 请求只走本地 Snapshot/Dispatch；代表性性能剖析待完成 |
+| ARCH-003 | Gateway、Distribution、Admin、Metrics 独立入口 | 8904-8958 | Controller 命令已装配 Distribution/Admin/Metrics 三个独立监听及联动停机；Gateway 命令已装配代理与 Metrics 监听，运行时 mTLS 部署 Overlay 待完成 |
 | ARCH-004 | Controller 集中 Provider 获取与切换 | 1403-1580 | Redis Leader、动态 Provider Supervisor 与 Bootstrap 生产装配已完成；Admin disable/reload 驱动取消替换，多副本按权威 HMAC 指纹和 revision 栅栏收敛并拒绝旧配置换主；Routing 切换到 Drain 的编排待完成 |
 | ARCH-005 | 100k QPS 峰值使用多 Worker 集群 | 当前会话 | 未验证设计目标；待代表性集群负载报告 |
 
diff --git a/internal/config/config.go b/internal/config/config.go
index ff8c26a..2e4d57b 100644
--- a/internal/config/config.go
+++ b/internal/config/config.go
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ type ControlPlane struct {
 	MaxRuntimeCounters   int             `yaml:"maxRuntimeCounters"`
 	MaxConcurrentStreams uint32          `yaml:"maxConcurrentStreams"`
 	TLS                  ControlPlaneTLS `yaml:"tls"`
+	GatewayTLS           GatewayTLS      `yaml:"gatewayTLS"`
 }
 
 type ControlPlaneTLS struct {
@@ -150,6 +151,14 @@ type ControlPlaneTLS struct {
 	Environment  string `yaml:"environment"`
 }
 
+// GatewayTLS holds client-only mTLS material. It remains separate from the
+// Controller's server certificate and CA configuration.
+type GatewayTLS struct {
+	CertFile     string `yaml:"certFile"`
+	KeyFile      string `yaml:"keyFile"`
+	ServerCAFile string `yaml:"serverCAFile"`
+}
+
 type Storage struct {
 	PostgresURL string `yaml:"postgresURL"`
 	RedisURL    string `yaml:"redisURL"`
diff --git a/internal/config/config_test.go b/internal/config/config_test.go
index 2a2b6a1..def7cdc 100644
--- a/internal/config/config_test.go
+++ b/internal/config/config_test.go
@@ -454,6 +454,14 @@ func TestValidateControlPlane(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			want: "environment",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "partial gateway tls",
+			mutate: func(cfg *Config) {
+				cfg.ControlPlane = validMTLSControlPlane()
+				cfg.ControlPlane.GatewayTLS.CertFile = "/run/secrets/gateway-cert.pem"
+			},
+			want: "gatewayTLS",
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
diff --git a/internal/config/validate.go b/internal/config/validate.go
index ac4b780..e0a6c30 100644
--- a/internal/config/validate.go
+++ b/internal/config/validate.go
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ func Validate(cfg *Config) error {
 }
 
 func validateControlPlane(item ControlPlane) error {
+	if err := validateGatewayTLS(item.GatewayTLS); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if !item.Enabled {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -161,6 +164,17 @@ func validateControlPlane(item ControlPlane) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func validateGatewayTLS(item GatewayTLS) error {
+	configured := item.CertFile != "" || item.KeyFile != "" || item.ServerCAFile != ""
+	if !configured {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if item.CertFile == "" || item.KeyFile == "" || item.ServerCAFile == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("validate controlPlane gatewayTLS: certFile, keyFile and serverCAFile are required together")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func validTrustDomain(value string) bool {
 	if len(value) == 0 || len(value) > 253 {
 		return false
diff --git a/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cff1911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap.go
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+// Package bootstrap assembles the proxy-gateway process from data-plane
+// components without putting Controller or storage access on the request path.
+package bootstrap
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
+
+	controlplanev1 "proxy-pool/gen/controlplane/v1"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/config"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/domain/workerruntime"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/controlplane"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/dispatch"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/server"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/snapshot"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/transport"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/platform/httpserver"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/platform/lifecycle"
+	platformMetrics "proxy-pool/internal/platform/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrInvalidOptions = errors.New("invalid gateway bootstrap options")
+	ErrStartup        = errors.New("gateway startup failed")
+	ErrNotReady       = errors.New("gateway snapshot is not ready")
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultReconnectInitialDelay = time.Second
+	defaultReconnectMaxDelay     = 30 * time.Second
+	defaultReconnectJitter       = 20
+)
+
+// Options provides process-local settings. ControlPlaneAddress is deliberately
+// independent from controlPlane.listen: the latter is the Controller bind
+// address, while this value is the Gateway's remote dial target.
+type Options struct {
+	ConfigPath          string
+	Resolver            config.Resolver
+	ControlPlaneAddress string
+	ClusterID           string
+	WorkerID            string
+	InstanceID          string
+	Zone                string
+	Labels              map[string]string
+	HTTP                httpserver.Options
+
+	// The pre-bound listeners and transport are test seams. Production leaves
+	// them nil and derives listeners and mTLS credentials from configuration.
+	GatewayListener net.Listener
+	MetricsListener net.Listener
+	GRPCTransport   credentials.TransportCredentials
+
+	ReconnectInitialDelay time.Duration
+	ReconnectMaxDelay     time.Duration
+	ReconnectJitter       int
+}
+
+func Run(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
+	if err := validateOptions(ctx, options); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	configuration, err := loadConfiguration(ctx, options.ConfigPath, options.Resolver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: load configuration: %w", ErrStartup, err)
+	}
+	if !configuration.Gateway.Enabled || !configuration.ControlPlane.Enabled {
+		return errors.Join(ErrInvalidOptions, errors.New("gateway and controlPlane must be enabled"))
+	}
+
+	runtime, err := newRuntime(ctx, configuration, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrStartup, err)
+	}
+	defer runtime.Close()
+	return runtime.Run(ctx)
+}
+
+func validateOptions(ctx context.Context, options Options) error {
+	if ctx == nil || strings.TrimSpace(options.ConfigPath) != options.ConfigPath || options.ConfigPath == "" ||
+		nilInterface(options.Resolver) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.ClusterID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.WorkerID) ||
+		!workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.InstanceID) || !workerruntime.ValidIdentifier(options.Zone) || !validDialAddress(options.ControlPlaneAddress) {
+		return ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	if options.GatewayListener == nil && options.MetricsListener != nil {
+		return ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	if options.ReconnectInitialDelay < 0 || options.ReconnectMaxDelay < 0 || options.ReconnectJitter < 0 || options.ReconnectJitter > 100 {
+		return ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func loadConfiguration(ctx context.Context, path string, resolver config.Resolver) (*config.Config, error) {
+	if ctx == nil || strings.TrimSpace(path) != path || path == "" || nilInterface(resolver) {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	content, err := resolver.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read configuration %q: %w", path, err)
+	}
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	configuration, err := config.LoadResolved(bytes.NewReader(content), resolver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode configuration %q: %w", path, err)
+	}
+	return configuration, nil
+}
+
+type runtime struct {
+	connection *grpc.ClientConn
+	group      *lifecycle.Group
+}
+
+func newRuntime(ctx context.Context, configuration *config.Config, options Options) (*runtime, error) {
+	if ctx == nil || configuration == nil {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	store := snapshot.NewStore(options.ClusterID, options.WorkerID)
+	protection, err := server.BuildProtection(configuration.Gateway)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build gateway protections: %w", err)
+	}
+	targets, err := server.TargetPolicyFromListener(configuration.Gateway)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build gateway target policy: %w", err)
+	}
+	proxyTransport := transport.New(transport.Config{}, nil)
+	handler, err := server.New(server.ConfigFromListener(configuration.Gateway), server.Dependencies{
+		Auth:       protection.Auth,
+		Access:     protection.Access,
+		Admission:  protection.Admission,
+		Targets:    targets,
+		Router:     server.NewSnapshotRouter(store),
+		Dispatcher: dispatch.New(store),
+		Transport:  proxyTransport,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		proxyTransport.CloseIdleConnections()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build gateway handler: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	transportCredentials, err := controlPlaneTransport(configuration.ControlPlane, options.ControlPlaneAddress, options.GRPCTransport)
+	if err != nil {
+		proxyTransport.CloseIdleConnections()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	connection, err := grpc.NewClient(options.ControlPlaneAddress,
+		grpc.WithTransportCredentials(transportCredentials),
+		grpc.WithDefaultCallOptions(
+			grpc.MaxCallRecvMsgSize(configuration.ControlPlane.MaxMessageBytes),
+			grpc.MaxCallSendMsgSize(configuration.ControlPlane.MaxMessageBytes),
+		),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		proxyTransport.CloseIdleConnections()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dial control plane: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	closeConnection := true
+	defer func() {
+		if closeConnection {
+			_ = connection.Close()
+			proxyTransport.CloseIdleConnections()
+		}
+	}()
+	client := controlplanev1.NewWorkerControlPlaneClient(connection)
+	reporter, err := controlplane.NewRuntimeReporter(generatedRuntimeClient{client: client}, store, controlplane.Options{
+		WorkerID: options.WorkerID, InstanceID: options.InstanceID, Zone: options.Zone,
+		ProtocolVersion: configuration.ControlPlane.ProtocolVersion, Labels: options.Labels, Now: time.Now,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build runtime reporter: %w", err)
+	}
+	watcher, err := controlplane.NewSnapshotWatcher(controlplane.NewGeneratedSnapshotRPCClient(client), store,
+		controlplane.SnapshotWatcherOptions{ClusterID: options.ClusterID, WorkerID: options.WorkerID})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build snapshot watcher: %w", err)
+	}
+	session, err := controlplane.NewSessionRunner(reporter, watcher)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build control plane session: %w", err)
+	}
+	reconnect, err := controlplane.NewSessionSupervisor(session, reconnectOptions(options))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build control plane reconnect supervisor: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	httpRuntime, err := newHTTPRuntime(ctx, configuration, options, handler, store)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	group, err := lifecycle.NewGroup(httpRuntime, reconnect)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	closeConnection = false
+	return &runtime{connection: connection, group: group}, nil
+}
+
+type generatedRuntimeClient struct {
+	client controlplanev1.WorkerControlPlaneClient
+}
+
+func (client generatedRuntimeClient) RegisterWorker(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	request *controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerRequest,
+) (*controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerResponse, error) {
+	return client.client.RegisterWorker(ctx, request)
+}
+
+func (client generatedRuntimeClient) ReportRuntime(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	request *controlplanev1.ReportRuntimeRequest,
+) (*controlplanev1.ReportRuntimeResponse, error) {
+	return client.client.ReportRuntime(ctx, request)
+}
+
+func (runtime *runtime) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if runtime == nil || runtime.group == nil || ctx == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	return runtime.group.Run(ctx)
+}
+
+func (runtime *runtime) Close() {
+	if runtime != nil && runtime.connection != nil {
+		_ = runtime.connection.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+func reconnectOptions(options Options) controlplane.ReconnectOptions {
+	initial := options.ReconnectInitialDelay
+	if initial == 0 {
+		initial = defaultReconnectInitialDelay
+	}
+	maximum := options.ReconnectMaxDelay
+	if maximum == 0 {
+		maximum = defaultReconnectMaxDelay
+	}
+	jitter := options.ReconnectJitter
+	if jitter == 0 {
+		jitter = defaultReconnectJitter
+	}
+	return controlplane.ReconnectOptions{InitialDelay: initial, MaxDelay: maximum, Jitter: jitter}
+}
+
+type httpRuntime struct {
+	options   httpserver.Options
+	handler   *server.Handler
+	endpoints []httpserver.Endpoint
+}
+
+func newHTTPRuntime(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	configuration *config.Config,
+	options Options,
+	handler *server.Handler,
+	store *snapshot.Store,
+) (*httpRuntime, error) {
+	if ctx == nil || configuration == nil || handler == nil || store == nil {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	endpoints := make([]httpserver.Endpoint, 0, 2)
+	gatewayListener, gatewayOwned, err := resolveListener(ctx, configuration.Gateway.Listen, options.GatewayListener)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("listen gateway: %w", err)
+	}
+	endpoints = append(endpoints, httpserver.Endpoint{Name: "gateway", Listener: gatewayListener, Handler: handler})
+	if configuration.Metrics.Enabled {
+		metricsHandler, metricsErr := platformMetrics.NewHandler(platformMetrics.Dependencies{
+			Gatherer:  prometheus.DefaultGatherer,
+			Readiness: snapshotReadiness{store: store, now: time.Now},
+		})
+		if metricsErr != nil {
+			if gatewayOwned {
+				_ = gatewayListener.Close()
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("build gateway metrics: %w", metricsErr)
+		}
+		metricsListener, metricsOwned, listenErr := resolveListener(ctx, configuration.Metrics.Listen, options.MetricsListener)
+		if listenErr != nil {
+			if gatewayOwned {
+				_ = gatewayListener.Close()
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("listen gateway metrics: %w", listenErr)
+		}
+		_ = metricsOwned
+		endpoints = append(endpoints, httpserver.Endpoint{Name: "metrics", Listener: metricsListener, Handler: metricsHandler})
+	} else if options.MetricsListener != nil {
+		if gatewayOwned {
+			_ = gatewayListener.Close()
+		}
+		return nil, ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	return &httpRuntime{options: options.HTTP, handler: handler, endpoints: endpoints}, nil
+}
+
+func (runtime *httpRuntime) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if runtime == nil || runtime.handler == nil || len(runtime.endpoints) == 0 || ctx == nil {
+		return ErrInvalidOptions
+	}
+	completed := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			shutdownContext, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), shutdownTimeout(runtime.options))
+			defer cancel()
+			_ = runtime.handler.Shutdown(shutdownContext)
+		case <-completed:
+		}
+	}()
+	err := httpserver.Serve(ctx, runtime.options, runtime.endpoints...)
+	close(completed)
+	return err
+}
+
+func resolveListener(ctx context.Context, address string, listener net.Listener) (net.Listener, bool, error) {
+	if listener != nil {
+		return listener, false, nil
+	}
+	resolved, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).Listen(ctx, "tcp", address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, false, err
+	}
+	return resolved, true, nil
+}
+
+func shutdownTimeout(options httpserver.Options) time.Duration {
+	if options.ShutdownTimeout > 0 {
+		return options.ShutdownTimeout
+	}
+	return httpserver.DefaultOptions().ShutdownTimeout
+}
+
+type snapshotReadiness struct {
+	store *snapshot.Store
+	now   func() time.Time
+}
+
+func (readiness snapshotReadiness) Ready(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if ctx == nil || readiness.store == nil || readiness.now == nil {
+		return ErrNotReady
+	}
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	current := readiness.store.Current()
+	if current == nil || current.ValidUntil.IsZero() || !current.ValidUntil.After(readiness.now().UTC()) {
+		return ErrNotReady
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func controlPlaneTransport(
+	configuration config.ControlPlane,
+	address string,
+	override credentials.TransportCredentials,
+) (credentials.TransportCredentials, error) {
+	if override != nil {
+		return override, nil
+	}
+	switch configuration.TLS.Mode {
+	case "disabled":
+		if !loopbackAddress(address) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: plaintext control plane target must be loopback", ErrInvalidOptions)
+		}
+		return insecure.NewCredentials(), nil
+	case "mtls":
+		if configuration.GatewayTLS.CertFile == "" || configuration.GatewayTLS.KeyFile == "" || configuration.GatewayTLS.ServerCAFile == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: controlPlane.gatewayTLS is required for mtls", ErrInvalidOptions)
+		}
+		certificate, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(configuration.GatewayTLS.CertFile, configuration.GatewayTLS.KeyFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("load gateway control plane certificate: %w", err)
+		}
+		caPEM, err := os.ReadFile(configuration.GatewayTLS.ServerCAFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read gateway control plane CA: %w", err)
+		}
+		roots := x509.NewCertPool()
+		if !roots.AppendCertsFromPEM(caPEM) {
+			return nil, errors.New("parse gateway control plane CA")
+		}
+		host, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(address)
+		return credentials.NewTLS(&tls.Config{
+			MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS13, Certificates: []tls.Certificate{certificate}, RootCAs: roots,
+			ServerName: strings.Trim(host, "[]"),
+		}), nil
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: unsupported control plane tls mode", ErrInvalidOptions)
+	}
+}
+
+func validDialAddress(address string) bool {
+	host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(address)
+	if err != nil || host == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	value, err := strconv.ParseUint(port, 10, 16)
+	if err != nil || value == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	parsed := net.ParseIP(strings.Trim(host, "[]"))
+	return parsed == nil || !parsed.IsUnspecified()
+}
+
+func loopbackAddress(address string) bool {
+	host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	host = strings.Trim(host, "[]")
+	if strings.EqualFold(host, "localhost") {
+		return true
+	}
+	ip := net.ParseIP(host)
+	return ip != nil && ip.IsLoopback()
+}
+
+func nilInterface(value any) bool {
+	if value == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	reflected := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+	switch reflected.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Interface, reflect.Map, reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
+		return reflected.IsNil()
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap_test.go b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04ebee3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/gateway/bootstrap/bootstrap_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+package bootstrap
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	controlplanev1 "proxy-pool/gen/controlplane/v1"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/config"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/controlplane/snapshotwire"
+	"proxy-pool/internal/gateway/snapshot"
+
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
+)
+
+func TestRunServesGatewayOnlyAfterApplyingControlPlaneSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	target := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
+		if request.URL.Path != "/through-gateway" {
+			t.Fatalf("target path = %q, want /through-gateway", request.URL.Path)
+		}
+		_, _ = io.WriteString(writer, "direct-route")
+	}))
+	t.Cleanup(target.Close)
+
+	controlListener := mustListen(t)
+	controlServer := grpc.NewServer()
+	controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerControlPlaneServer(controlServer, &snapshotServer{
+		snapshot: testSnapshot(t, target.URL),
+	})
+	go func() { _ = controlServer.Serve(controlListener) }()
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		controlServer.Stop()
+		_ = controlListener.Close()
+	})
+
+	proxyListener := mustListen(t)
+	metricsListener := mustListen(t)
+	configPath := writeConfig(t, target.URL)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	t.Cleanup(cancel)
+	result := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		result <- Run(ctx, Options{
+			ConfigPath:            configPath,
+			Resolver:              config.OSResolver{},
+			ControlPlaneAddress:   controlListener.Addr().String(),
+			ClusterID:             "cluster-a",
+			WorkerID:              "worker-a",
+			InstanceID:            "instance-a",
+			Zone:                  "zone-a",
+			GatewayListener:       proxyListener,
+			MetricsListener:       metricsListener,
+			GRPCTransport:         insecure.NewCredentials(),
+			ReconnectInitialDelay: 5 * time.Millisecond,
+			ReconnectMaxDelay:     20 * time.Millisecond,
+		})
+	}()
+
+	if err := waitForStatus("http://"+metricsListener.Addr().String()+"/readyz", http.StatusOK); err != nil {
+		select {
+		case runErr := <-result:
+			t.Fatalf("gateway did not become ready: %v; Run() error = %v", err, runErr)
+		default:
+			t.Fatalf("gateway did not become ready: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	proxyURL, err := url.Parse("http://" + proxyListener.Addr().String())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Parse(proxy URL): %v", err)
+	}
+	response, err := (&http.Client{Timeout: time.Second, Transport: &http.Transport{
+		Proxy: http.ProxyURL(proxyURL),
+	}}).Get(target.URL + "/through-gateway")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GET through gateway: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadAll(gateway response): %v", err)
+	}
+	if response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK || string(body) != "direct-route" {
+		t.Fatalf("gateway response = (%d, %q)", response.StatusCode, body)
+	}
+
+	cancel()
+	select {
+	case err := <-result:
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			t.Fatalf("Run() error = %v", err)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("Run() did not stop after cancellation")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRunRejectsMissingControlPlaneEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	err := Run(context.Background(), Options{
+		ConfigPath: "config.yaml", Resolver: config.OSResolver{},
+		ClusterID: "cluster-a", WorkerID: "worker-a", InstanceID: "instance-a", Zone: "zone-a",
+	})
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidOptions) {
+		t.Fatalf("Run() error = %v, want ErrInvalidOptions", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestControlPlaneTransportRequiresDedicatedGatewayTLS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	_, err := controlPlaneTransport(config.ControlPlane{
+		TLS: config.ControlPlaneTLS{Mode: "mtls"},
+	}, "controller.example:8443", nil)
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidOptions) {
+		t.Fatalf("controlPlaneTransport() error = %v, want ErrInvalidOptions", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSnapshotReadinessRequiresCurrentSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	store := snapshot.NewStore("cluster-a", "worker-a")
+	now := time.Now().UTC()
+	readiness := snapshotReadiness{store: store, now: func() time.Time { return now }}
+	if err := readiness.Ready(context.Background()); !errors.Is(err, ErrNotReady) {
+		t.Fatalf("Ready() before snapshot error = %v, want ErrNotReady", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := store.Apply(snapshot.Envelope{
+		ClusterID: "cluster-a", WorkerID: "worker-a", Epoch: 1, Version: 1, Full: true,
+		Checksum: snapshot.ChecksumWithRouting(nil, nil), ValidUntil: now.Add(time.Second),
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Apply() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := readiness.Ready(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Ready() after snapshot error = %v", err)
+	}
+	now = now.Add(2 * time.Second)
+	if err := readiness.Ready(context.Background()); !errors.Is(err, ErrNotReady) {
+		t.Fatalf("Ready() after expiry error = %v, want ErrNotReady", err)
+	}
+}
+
+type snapshotServer struct {
+	controlplanev1.UnimplementedWorkerControlPlaneServer
+	snapshot *controlplanev1.WorkerSnapshot
+}
+
+func (server *snapshotServer) RegisterWorker(_ context.Context, request *controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerRequest) (*controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerResponse, error) {
+	if request.GetWorkerId() != "worker-a" || request.GetInstanceId() != "instance-a" || request.GetZone() != "zone-a" {
+		return nil, errors.New("unexpected worker registration")
+	}
+	return &controlplanev1.RegisterWorkerResponse{
+		WorkerId: request.GetWorkerId(), SessionId: "session-a", OwnershipEpoch: 1,
+		HeartbeatInterval: durationpb.New(time.Hour), MaxStaleAge: durationpb.New(2 * time.Hour),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (server *snapshotServer) WatchSnapshots(_ *controlplanev1.WatchSnapshotsRequest, stream grpc.ServerStreamingServer[controlplanev1.SnapshotEnvelope]) error {
+	if err := stream.Send(&controlplanev1.SnapshotEnvelope{Payload: &controlplanev1.SnapshotEnvelope_Full{Full: server.snapshot}}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	<-stream.Context().Done()
+	return stream.Context().Err()
+}
+
+func (server *snapshotServer) AcknowledgeSnapshot(context.Context, *controlplanev1.AcknowledgeSnapshotRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
+	return &emptypb.Empty{}, nil
+}
+
+func (server *snapshotServer) ReportRuntime(context.Context, *controlplanev1.ReportRuntimeRequest) (*controlplanev1.ReportRuntimeResponse, error) {
+	return &controlplanev1.ReportRuntimeResponse{AcceptedOwnershipEpoch: 1}, nil
+}
+
+func testSnapshot(t *testing.T, _ string) *controlplanev1.WorkerSnapshot {
+	t.Helper()
+	generated := time.Now().UTC()
+	result := &controlplanev1.WorkerSnapshot{
+		Version: 1, OwnershipEpoch: 1, GeneratedAt: timestamppb.New(generated), ValidUntil: timestamppb.New(generated.Add(time.Minute)),
+		Routing: []*controlplanev1.RoutingRule{{
+			Name: "gateway-default", Enabled: true, HostRegex: ".+", Upstreams: []string{"provider-a"},
+			Strategy:      &controlplanev1.RoutingStrategy{Type: controlplanev1.StrategyType_STRATEGY_TYPE_RANDOM},
+			OnUnavailable: controlplanev1.UnavailableAction_UNAVAILABLE_ACTION_DIRECT,
+		}},
+	}
+	checksum, err := snapshotwire.Checksum(result)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Checksum() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	result.Checksum = checksum[:]
+	return result
+}
+
+func writeConfig(t *testing.T, target string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	parsed, err := url.Parse(target)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Parse(target URL): %v", err)
+	}
+	port := parsed.Port()
+	if port == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("target URL has no explicit port: %q", target)
+	}
+	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "gateway.yaml")
+	content := fmt.Sprintf(`version: 1
+security:
+  requireProtectionOnPublicListen: false
+gateway:
+  enabled: true
+  listen: 127.0.0.1:0
+  auth: {mode: none}
+  destinationPolicy:
+    denyPrivateNetworks: false
+    denyLoopback: false
+    denyLinkLocal: false
+    allowedPorts: [%s]
+distribution:
+  enabled: false
+admin:
+  enabled: false
+controlPlane:
+  enabled: true
+  listen: 127.0.0.1:0
+  protocolVersion: 1
+  heartbeatInterval: 1s
+  sessionTTL: 3s
+  maxStaleAge: 2s
+  maxMessageBytes: 1048576
+  maxRuntimeCounters: 10
+  maxConcurrentStreams: 10
+  tls: {mode: disabled}
+metrics:
+  enabled: true
+  listen: 127.0.0.1:0
+upstreams:
+  provider-a:
+    enabled: true
+    exposure: [gateway]
+    provider: {billingMode: fetch, protocols: [http]}
+    api: {url: https://provider.invalid/api, method: GET, auth: {type: none}}
+    proxyAuth: {type: response}
+    pool: {maxSize: 1}
+    capacity: {maxConcurrencyPerProxy: 2}
+    refill: {reconcileInterval: 1s, minimumAvailableSlots: 1, targetAvailableSlots: 2}
+    lifecycle: {ttl: 1m, allocationSafetyMargin: 1s}
+    fetch: {estimatedIPsPerCall: 1, timeout: 1s, maxAttempts: 1, maxInFlight: 1}
+`, port)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(content), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("WriteFile(): %v", err)
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
+func mustListen(t *testing.T) net.Listener {
+	t.Helper()
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Listen(): %v", err)
+	}
+	return listener
+}
+
+func waitForStatus(target string, want int) error {
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second)
+	last := "no response"
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		response, err := (&http.Client{Timeout: 100 * time.Millisecond}).Get(target)
+		if err == nil {
+			_ = response.Body.Close()
+			if response.StatusCode == want {
+				return nil
+			}
+			last = response.Status
+		} else {
+			last = err.Error()
+		}
+		time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("GET %s did not return %d: last result %s", target, want, last)
+}